Study material
Published material from The Law Easy that cites Section 349.
About this topic ▶ Watch this part of the lecture (0:00) These notes cover the 57 most important cases of Indian Constitutional Law . They are the cases that keep coming up in LL.B. examinations, in judiciary examinations and in every serious discussion of constitutional law. Every case is studied…
411 min read
About this subject ▶ Watch this part of the lecture (0:00) A judge must decide, months or years later, what happened in an incident the judge never saw. The only way is through evidence , the bridge between the past event and the present courtroom. The Law of Evidence decides which planks can build…
127 min read
Constitutional Law II deals with civil liberties. It is studied in eight units, from the question of who is a citizen of India to how the Constitution enforces the rights it gives. These rights are at work in ordinary life: when a person speaks his mind online, prays in his own way, or is stopped b…
130 min read
These notes give exam-ready answers to the actual questions set in the six most recent Law of Evidence papers of National Law University Odisha (NLUO), from 2022 to 2025.
156 min read
1977
The Andhra Pradesh High Court held that taking blood and semen samples from an accused for medical examination is not 'testimonial compulsion' and so does not violate Article 20(3) of the Constitution. The case matters because it draws the line between physical evidence from the body, which can be taken, and testimonial evidence from the mind, which cannot be forced out of an accused.
Supreme Court of India · 2010
In Selvi v. State of Karnataka (2010), the Supreme Court held that forcing an accused to undergo narco-analysis, polygraph or brain mapping (BEAP) tests is unconstitutional. Such compulsion violates the right against self-incrimination under Article 20(3) and the rights to personal liberty, privacy and dignity under Article 21. The case strikes a balance between effective criminal investigation and human rights, and it later became one foundation of the right to privacy recognised in Puttaswamy (2017).
1 practice question tests this section.
We show statutory text only after checking it word for word against the official source. Read Section 349 of the B.N.S.S. 2023 on India Code.
Open India Code